Land Changes After Ww2 Essays - House Of Habsburg-Lorraine

Land Changes After Ww2 Bruce Wayne Per. 4 04-09-01 Occasions that prompted World War One At the point when individuals are discussing war, they appear to consistently need to comprehend what began it. There are numerous things that can cause a war. For instance, World War One was begun due to numerous things: patriotism, working of arms, trapping of coalitions, and dominion. Patriotism lead to war since Serbia energized the individuals in Austria - Hungary to radical and join Serbians. Serbia was burnt out on being bossed around by Austria-Hungary and needed to be disregarded. Additionally, after the drop out of the Ottoman Domain, later renamed Turkey, Russia and Austria-Hungary nearly did battle. The reason they nearly did battle was that Austria-Hungary attached Bosnia and Herzegovina. During this timeframe Great Britain had the main naval force on the planet. Incredible Britain with their naval force controlled the oceans. Germany hated this and began building its own naval force. The race was on, who might have the better naval force Germany or Incredible Britain? Germany did anyway have one preferred position over Great Britains naval force, their boats would be more up to date. Germany previously had the main armed force and in the event that they achieved their objective of building the best naval force they could have been relentless. Numerous nations were presently framing coalitions with each other to secure themselves from different nations. There were six significant nations engaged with the war. Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy framed the Triple Alliance. Extraordinary Britain, Russia, also, France shaped the Triple Entente. Since every nation had a union with other nations, no one dreaded war. Colonialism likewise assumed its job that lead to World War One. Germany got a late start in the state race. France was having issues with Germany over Morocco (a French state). Germany needed to take this province from France however France would not let them have it. France alone couldn't deal with Germany so Great Britain went to its guide. Germany dreaded a destruction by these two nations so it withdrew. Every one of these things hinted at World War One however what began World War One was a little mishap contrasted with everything else that has occurred. On June 28, 1914, Arch duke Franz Ferdinand was visiting Sarajevo, legislative center of the Austrian Province Bosnia. On this day Franz Ferdinand was killed by a Slavic fanatic named Gavrilo Princip. Austria-Hungary blamed this occurrence so as to begin a war that was at that point building up. Numerous things lead to war. Its not only one occurrence. It took numerous mishaps for World War One to start, the demise of Archduke Franz Ferdinand was only a reason to start a war. History

Foundation’s Edge CHAPTER THREE HISTORIAN

Student of history Janov Pelorat was white-haired and his face, in rest, looked rather unfilled. It was rarefy in anything besides rest. He was of normal tallness and weight and would in general move without flurry and to talk with consultation. He appeared to be extensively more seasoned than his fifty-two years. He had never left Terminus, something that was generally unordinary, particularly for one of his calling. He himself didn't know whether his inactive ways were a result of †or regardless of †his fixation on history. The fixation had happened upon him unexpectedly at fifteen years old while, during some indisposition, he was given a book of early legends. In it, he found the rehashed theme of a world that was separated from everyone else and confined †a world that was not even mindful of its disengagement, since it had known nothing else. His indisposition started to clear up without a moment's delay. Inside two days, he had perused the book multiple times and was up. The day after that he was at his work station, checking for any records that the Terminus University Library may have on comparable legends. It was decisively such legends that had involved him from that point onward. The Terminus University Library had in no way, shape or form been an incredible asset in this regard yet, when he developed more established, he found the delights of interlibrary advances. He had printouts in his ownership which had been taken off hyper-radiational signals from as distant as Ifnia. He had become a teacher of antiquated history and was presently starting his first holiday †one for which he had applied with traveling through space (his first) to Trantor itself †thirty after seven years. Pelorat was very mindful that it was generally unordinary for an individual of Terminus to have never been in space. It had never been his aim to be eminent in this specific way. It was only that at whatever point he may have gone into space, some new book, some new investigation, some new examination came his direction. He would postpone his anticipated excursion until he had wrung the new issue dry and had included, if conceivable, one all the more thing of actuality, or theory, or creative mind to the mountain he had gathered. At long last, his lone lament was that the specific outing to Trantor had never been made. Trantor had been the capital of the First Galactic Empire. It had been the seat of Emperors for twelve thousand years and, before that, the capital of one of the most significant pre-Imperial realms, which had, gradually, caught or in any case assimilated different realms to build up the Empire. Trantor had been a world-supporting city, a metal-covered city. Pelorat had perused of it in progress of Gaal Dornick, who had visited it in the hour of Hari Seldon himself. Dornick's volume did not flow anymore and the one Pelorat possessed may have been sold for a large portion of the student of history's yearly compensation. A proposal that he may leave behind it would have sickened the antiquarian. Obviously, what Pelorat thought about, most definitely, was the Galactic Library, which in Imperial occasions (when it was the Imperial Library) had been the biggest in the Galaxy. Trantor was the capital of the biggest and most crowded Empire humankind had ever observed. It had been a solitary overall city with a populace well more than forty billion, and its Library had been the accumulated record of all the innovative (and not really imaginative) work of mankind, the full outline of its information. What's more, it was completely automated in so unpredictable a way that it took specialists to deal with the PCs. What was more, the Library had endure. To Pelorat, that was the stunning thing about it. When Trantor had fallen and been sacked, about more than two centuries prior, it had experienced shocking devastation, and the stories of human wretchedness and passing would not tolerate rehashing †yet the Library had endure, ensured (it was said) by the University understudies, who utilized brilliantly concocted weapons. (Some idea the protection by the understudies may well have been completely romanticized.) Regardless, the Library had suffered through the time of decimation. Ebling Mis had accomplished his work in an unblemished Library in a destroyed world when he had nearly found the Second Foundation (as indicated by the story which the individuals of the Foundation despite everything accepted, except which history specialists have consistently treated with hold). The three ages of Darells †Bayta, Toran, and Arkady †had each, at once or another, been on Trantor. In any case, Arkady had not visited the Library, and since her time the Library had not encroached on Galactic history. No Foundationer had been on Trantor in a hundred and twenty years, yet there was no motivation to accept the Library was not still there. That it had made no impingement was the surest proof for its being there. Its obliteration would doubtlessly have made a clamor. The Library was old fashioned and ancient †it had been so even in Ebling Mis' time †however that was all to the great. Pelorat consistently scoured his hands with fervor when he thought of an old and antiquated Library. The more established and the more old fashioned, the more probable it was to have what he required. In his fantasies, he would enter the Library and ask in short of breath alert, â€Å"Has the Library been modemized? Have you tossed out the old tapes and computerizations?† And consistently he envisioned the appropriate response from dusty and old administrators, â€Å"As it has been, Professor, so is it still.† What's more, presently his fantasy would work out. The Mayor herself had guaranteed him of that. How she had known about his work, he wasn't exactly certain. He had not prevailing with regards to distributing numerous papers. Little of what he had done was strong enough to be adequate for distribution and what had showed up had left no imprint. All things considered, they said Branno the Bronze realized all that went on in Terminus and had eyes toward the finish of each finger and toe. Pelorat could nearly trust it, however on the off chance that she knew about his work, why on Terminus didn't she see its significance and give him a little money related help before this? By one way or another, he thought, with as much harshness as possible produce, the Foundation had its eyes fixed immovably on what's to come. It was the Second Empire and their predetermination that assimilated them. They had no time, no longing, to peer once again into the past †and they were aggravated by the individuals who did. The more imbeciles they, obviously, however he was unable to without any assistance clear out indiscretion. Also, it may be better so. He could embrace the incredible interest to his own chest and the day would come when he would be recognized as the incomparable Pioneer of the Important. That implied, obviously (and he was excessively mentally genuine to decline to see it), that he, as well, was invested later on †a future where he would be perceived, and in which he would be a saint on a standard with Hari Seldon. Truth be told, he would be the more prominent, for how could the working out of an unmistakably pictured future a thousand years in length stand correlation with the working out of a lost past at any rate twenty-five centuries old. Also, this was the day; this was the day. The Mayor had said it would be the day after Seldon's picture showed up. That was the main explanation Pelorat had been keen on the Seldon Crisis that for a considerable length of time had consumed each psyche on Terminus and without a doubt pretty much every brain in the Federation. It had appeared to him to have the most frivolous effect with respect to whether the capital of the Foundation had stayed here at Terminus, or had been moved elsewhere. Furthermore, since the emergency had been settled, he stayed uncertain with respect to which side of the issue Hari Seldon had supported, or if the issue under debate had been referenced by any stretch of the imagination. It was sufficient that Seldon had showed up and that now this was the day. It was a brief time after two toward the evening that a ground-vehicle slid to a stop in the carport of his fairly disengaged house simply outside Terminus appropriate. A back entryway slid back. A gatekeeper in the uniform of the Mayoralty Security Corps ventured out, at that point a youngster, at that point two additional watchmen. Pelorat was dazzled regardless of himself. The Mayor knew about his work as well as plainly thought about it of the most noteworthy significance. The individual who was to be his friend was given a ceremonial group, and he had been guaranteed a top of the line vessel which his partner would have the option to direct. Generally complimenting! Most †Pelorat's servant opened the entryway. The youngster entered and the two watchmen situated themselves on either side of the passage. Through the window, Pelorat saw that the third watchman stayed outside and that a second ground-vehicle had now pulled up. Extra watches! Confounding! He went to locate the youngster in his room and was amazed to find that he remembered him. He had seen him on holocasts. He stated, â€Å"You're that Councilman. You're Trevize!† â€Å"Golan Trevize. Believe it or not. You are Professor Janov Pelorat?† â€Å"Yes, yes,† said Pelorat. â€Å"Are you he who will †â€Å" â€Å"We will be individual travelers,† said Trevize woodenly. â€Å"Or so I have been told.† â€Å"But you're not a historian.† â€Å"No, I'm most certainly not. As you stated, I'm a Councilman, a politician.† â€Å"Yes, Yes, But what am I considering? I am a student of history, in this way what requirement for another? You can direct a spaceship.† â€Å"Yes, I'm truly acceptable at that.† â€Å"Well, that is the thing that we need, at that point. Fantastic! I'm worried I'm not one of your reasonable scholars, youngster, so on the off chance that it ought to happen that you are, we'll make a decent team.† Trevize stated, â€Å"I am not, right now, overpowered with the greatness of my own reasoning, yet it appears we must choose the option to attempt to make it a decent team.† â€Å"Let's expectation, at that point, that I can defeat my vulnerability about space. I've never been in space, you know, Councilman. I am a groundhog, if that is the term. OK like a glass of tea, coincidentally? I'll have Moda set us up something. It is my understanding that it will be a few hours prior

What Topics To Write On A New Starter Blog

What Topics To Write On A New Starter Blog Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!What Topics To Write On A New Starter Blog ?Updated On 09/01/2016Author : Anurag KumarTopic : BloggingShort URL : http://hbb.me/1ReSqOk CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogEver felt like“what to write on a blog” when you have the answer of “why to write” already…Yes, is the answer surely.When you see lot of websites expressing shimmering content all over the web, you also feel like starting a website / blog of your own. Blogging is something today has become a major source for livelihood rather than a passion to express your views.So when one decides to start a blog, the major obstacle is what should be written? Obviously something that should attract a lot of visitors, yes! But, on what topic should I write? Should I rewrite the content of another popular website or should I write what I know or what I love. Well it’s sometimes become difficult on what topic should I start a blog.Starting a blog on the topics which are hot favorite among the tech specialist is a nice idea but competing against the well-established blogs already on that content is something really hard. If you are thinking to start a blog on topics which are not very favorite of search crawlers and peoples hungry for info than you should drop the idea because that will not earn you a penny. Writing on any vague topic is not what a blogger do.Hot favorite topics that can earn you a lot if written well:-Android: Bloggers, who started their venture on Android back in 2008, are pretty successful today. As we all know today Android among all Mobile OS is creating more sensation in technology world. So writing on “Android firmware rooting tutorials” is a great idea as many blogs on the similar related topic have become a lot popular. Writing on android requires a lot skillful knowledge, if you are amateur, just drop the idea. Still if temptation persists to write, then re ad below for how to write on such topics.iPhone Jail Breaking : Whenever an iPhone is launched it creates a mammoth news, so with the launch developers starts Jail breaking and the very loyal Apple users start seeking their support. Writing on iPhone Jail breaking can flood you with lots of visitors. The same rule apply here to write on iPhone jail breaking requires a very sharp knowledge, so How to write on it, let’s see.Windows Phone Support: The comeback of Nokia with Microsoft Windows phones in the market provides a great opportunity for developers and bloggers to start their venture on windows phone support. But for a developer it is easy to write and explore but how will you do amateur blogger. Let’s see below.READ7 Things That I Learned From Guy Kawasaki That You Can Implement In BloggingPoints to be kept in mind while writing content for a new starter blog:-From where I will get the content to write? To examine this fact before you start writing is essential. If your i dea to start a blog is on technology related topics or how to tips, then either the newbie must be well informed of all facts which he is going to write. Or one needs a content source from where he can drive the idea. Taking an idea of whole concept of a tech tip from another popular blog is not restricted but copying it on a whole on your blog in every respect is 100% not allowed. You just can’t scrap content of other blogger.Suppose you want to write on “Google Project Glasses” :- You searched on Google with the term “google project glass review” and get below results as shown in pic.So, to write on this topic or any other (Like Android, iPhone, Windows) go through the posts of some well-known sites, understand the fact and then pen down the content in your own language. Make sure you never copy anything, not even a single line, show your creativity in modifying the content in your magical words. To make sure you have written a well neat content, you can also buy CopySca pe Premium account credits and get you content scanned for any copied text. You are only allowed to post quotes from any sites. If you use any copyrighted image, make sure you add the source in caption.For content regarding “Android”, you can follow various forums and developer websites and can collect content from them. It is done by many well-known sites. Understand the fact not every site or blog hires developers who write content on their own by exploring new ports. The other small sites and blogs need the content source like these developers websites from where they can write a fresh how to content. If your content is inspired from a single blog only, make sure you mark credit to that blog in your post.If you have made up your mind to start your blog on the topics mentioned above then, it may happen you can’t get those higher rankings among search engines. But to be sure your blog will attract a lot of visitors and you can earn a well descent amount through it.

The Internets Role In Any Organization - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 20 Words: 6059 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? 1.0 Introduction The Internet plays an important role as it is revolutionizing the way in which business is conducted around the world. In new millennium with the emergence of electronic system, organizations are strained to shift their operation from traditional way to e-business had lead clear increase in global competition which threaten existing businesses and modernize business practices. Apart from that, technology is consider an integrate part of any business as technology can contribute to economic growth, increases productivity and quality of products as well as increases competitive advantages of industrial sectors. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Internets Role In Any Organization" essay for you Create order Besides, the developing of technology is in an increasing pace and dramatically changes business models in business sector. In such competitive environment resulted from globalization, firms must create more dynamic strategy over their competitor to survive in the business sector. Due to competition from various companies has increased as advancements in technology; it has broken down the traditional barriers to entry the market. Therefore, at the ever changing world, procurement process has been transformed into strategic resources. The use of new technology in procurement has provided substantial benefits. However, some organizations are exploiting competitive advantage through mergers, acquisitions, supply and distribution channel imptovements (Hamel and Prahalad 1994), as cited in Longenecker and Ariss (2002). 2.0 Research Objective 1. To determine that whether e-procurement can achieve competitive advantage 2. To investigate whether total quality management can achieve competitive advantage 3. To examining whether implementation of e-procurement in total quality management can help to achieve further competitive advantage. 3.0 Research Questions 1. Does e-procurement results in competitive advantage? 2. Does total quality management results in competitive advantage? 3. Does implementation of e-procurement in total quality management can help to achieve further competitive advantage? 4.0 Hypotheses 1. E-Procurement can result in competitive advantage. 2. Total quality management can result in competitive advantage. 3. Implementation of e-procurement in total quality management can provide further competitive advantage. Literature Review 5.0 E-Procurement and Competitive Advantage 5.1 Conceptualization of E-Procurement Nowadays, the evolution of e-procurement is becoming more successively and interested on a global scale. According to Min and Galle (2003), e-procurement is defined as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"business-to-business purchasing practice that utilizes electronic commerce to identify potential sources of supply, to purchase goods and services, to transfer payment, and to interact with suppliersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (as cited in Pearcy and Giunipero 2008, p.26). Besides that, electronic procurement consists of e-Maintenance Repair Operate (MRO), web-based Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), e-sourcing, e-tendering, e-auctioning, e-exchanges and e-informing (Min and Galle 2001; Knudsen 2003; Walker and Harland 2008). Apart from that, an Aberdeen Group (2001) found that e-procurement technologies are divided into 2 categories: direct procurement and indirect procurement (cited in Angeles and Nath 2007). Direct procurement is the purchase of high volume raw materials that used in the manufacturing process of a finished product (Harrigan et al. 2008). Whereas indirect procurement is the purchase of maintenance, materials and operation goods that are not directly involved in the production process such as office supplies, personal computers and advertising (Bof and Previtali 2007). Apart from that, procurement process involves a complex series of events which allows a firm to more from the basic need to reaching a final purchase decision through technical specification and potential supplier evaluation (Robinson et al. 1967, cited in Osmonbekov et al. 2002). Hence, many firms in diverse industries adopt the strategy of e-procurement and focus on restructuring the entire order-to-delivery process rath er than specific task in order to improve the efficiency of purchasing or supply management function as well as reduce operation costs of organization. 5.2 Conceptualization of Competitive Advantage The achievement of sustainable competitive advantage has long been the goal of companies and organizations. However, due to the rapid change in the global environment, researchers from various backgrounds have come up with their own different perspectives to identify definition of competitive advantage. In traditional industry, the importance of industry structure and market position plays significant roles to achieve competitive advantage (Porter 1980, cited in Ma 1999; Passemard and Kleiner 2000). According to Pfeffer and Vega (1991), the conceptualization of competitive advantage can be described as organizational practice, resource and asset that used to improve an organizationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s competitive position in the marketplace (as cited in Longenecker and Ariss 2002). Porter (1985) further description on à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"competitive advantage grows out of the firmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s unique ability in creating superior customer valueà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (as cited in Ma 2002, p.525). However, recently, Rindova and Fombrun (1999), state that competitive advantage is built on relationship and not an exchanges sustained social interactions in impressions which may affect future behaviors (cited in Tzokas and Saren 2004). 5.3 Competitive strategies in E-Procurement à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"E-procurement has been seen to have the potential to play a pivotal role in a firmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s endeavours to create a competitive cost advantage that lasts for many years, hence grounding sustainable competitive advantageà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (Bloomberg et al. 2002, p. 14) cited in (Pires and Stanton 2005). In order to achieve sustainable competitive advantage, company should concern on the implementation of organizational business strategy in area of e-procurement. However, if the organization fails to apply a successful strategy, it will result in loss of business productivity and competitiveness which will undermine the long-term performance of the organization. Apart from that, a firm can enhance its market position and competitive strength by developing procurement strategy. Below are the competitive strategies which e-procurement can achieve competitive advantage: 5.3.1 Cost Reduction The reduction of purchasing cost has been recognized as one of the most significant purposes in procurement (Collis and Montgomery 1995), since the average manufacturing firm spends half of its sales revenue on the purchase of materials (cited in Ordanini and Rubera 2008). Furthermore, research shows that by using e-procurement can achieve cost saving which average reduction in purchase price of 17 per cent (Bartezzaghi and Ronchi 2005, cited as Harrigan et al. 2008). Additionally, by implementing e-procurement in an organization, it can help us to reduce purchase price of materials and costs that related to internal workflow of activities such as equipment and labour costs. With the use of electronic procurement, transactions can be proceed through HTML, EDI, e-mail and Internet which can eliminate the usage paper requisition for placing order, invoice as well as receipt (Sarkis et al. 2004). Additionally, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Companies using e-procurement have reported savings up to 42% in purchasing transaction cost associated with less paperwork, which translates into fewer mistakes and more efficient purchasing process (Davila et al. 2002). 5.3.2 Efficiency Maximization E-procurement can improve the efficiency of the process which order fulfillment time can shortened up to 80 per cent (Minahan 2001, cited in Harrigan et al. 2008) as well as reduced the inventory levels (Min and Galle 2003). Thus, e-procurement has impact on the purchasing cycle time and delivery time. In order to achieve high quality performance, mostly organizations has seen the benefits of applying new technologies in its manufacturing processes because it can manufacture in a high volume production without any concerns in regards to cost. The investment in advanced equipment has enabled the company to achieve a high level of process capability that could not achieve by manual processes. Due to there are many repetitive and complicated tasks that machines can do which human being cannot do it. According to Bof and Previtali (2007), electronic procurement can accelerated the flow of important information between buyers and suppliers as well as elimination of transaction errors by transform the way of purchasing raw material from traditional methods to online. Currently, the use of internet serve as a foundation of data flow for strategic manufacturing purpose in e-procurement such as using barcodes in firms to manage the raw material. As the workflow automatically routes information through the purchasing process without re-keying all the date, user can use it easily and with a minimal error. According to Smith and Correa (2005), they stated that by using e-business can lead to highly accurate information gathering though proper database via internet and it enable to indentify each product moving throughout supply chain. Apart from that, the information that recorded in the system are stored in a real-time fashion, therefore, users can acquire an accurate tracking in supply chain compared with the traditional manual methods. Therefore the adoption of e-procurement will improve efficiency that can strengthen competitive advantage in firms and industries. In general, firms should adopt the e-procurement strategies to achieve competitive advantage among the competitors. For instance, firms need to learn the management practices which are reduce production costs by elimination waste and achieving higher efficiency to capture the attention of the suppliers. 6.0 Total Quality Management and Competitive Advantage 6.1 Conceptualization of Total Quality Management (TQM) Since 1980s, TQM has been regarded as one of the competitive strategies for firm to improve their competitive advantage and has widely implemented throughout the world (Kuei et al. 2001; Brah et al. 2002; Rad 2006). Besides that, TQM has been widely regarded as rational structure and scientific tools for the improvement of quality as well as improve competitive advantage (Sun 2000; Li et al. 2002). There is no universally agreed definition on TQM as many researchers have their own beliefs and prejudices towards the term (Martinez-Lorente 1998; Sun 2000; Psychogios and Priporas 2007; KlefsjÃÆ' ¶ et al. 2008). However, the definition provided by researchers is more like vague descriptions than definitions and contain terms as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ a philosophy, which à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ an approach for à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (KlefsjÃÆ' ¶ et al. 2008). As just an example, Rad (2006) defines TQM as a philosophy which provides a template for success to an organization through customer satisfaction. On the other hand, in recent years, a tendency toward agreement on a system perspective of TQM has been suggested. One such definition is from Hellsten and KlefsjÃÆ' ¶ (2000), who define TQM as a continuously evolving management system consisting of core values, methodologies and tools, the aim of which is to increase external and internal customer satisfaction with a reduced amount of resources (cited in KlefsjÃÆ' ¶ et al. 2008, p. 121). The definition provided by Hellsten and KlefsjÃÆ' ¶ (2000) is stated clearly as it consists of three components which are interdependent and supporting each of the values to sustaining a culture based on a kernel of core values. 6.2 Competitive strategies in TQM In order to compete with the increasingly of competitors, it has forced organizations find ways to reduce costs while maintaining customer satisfaction and making continuous improvement to the products. Since 1980, TQM has been recognized as a way to achieve goal by establishing a quality-based culture for improving customer satisfaction. Apart from that, TQM has been widely recognized as one of the most competitive weapon, if implemented successfully, provides a competitive advantage for organizations through quality (Martins and Toledo 2000; Beskese and Cebeci 2001; Prajogo and Sohal 2004). In order to achieve the goals of organization, they should implementing successful TQM strategies. 6.2.1 Quality Focus Currently, TQM have become a key focus for organizations as it considers as tools for improvement quality. According to Mandel et al. (2000), he noted that the implication of quality as a factor of international planning. Quality improvement refers to the efforts on increasing effectiveness and efficiency in order to satisfy customer expectations (Talha 2004). Organizations must plan the strategic to implement quality improvement planning into their business plan. If the organization has emphasized quality as an important strategic, this will leads to higher sales and operating profits as well as improve the competitive positions of the firm as the customers will pay more to quality products that satisfy them. Also, nowadays customers are become more sophisticated, continuous improvement in product quality is essential to satisfy their needs. Therefore, once the organizations satisfy the requirements of customer, items are producing according to specifications, it will minimizing defective items and the cost of rework (Khan 2003). Yet, TQM will increase the organizationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s competitive advantage because they concentrated on the improvements to offer superior quality of products to its customers (Martins and Toledo 2000). Hence, quality improvement is essential for the very survival of a company to achieve competitive advantage. 6.2.2 Customer Focus Customers have their expectations towards an organization which they patronize. If the expectations are not met, they will get dissatisfied and stop patronizing the organization; hence customer satisfaction is one of the important elements to attain competitive advantage. According to Bergman and Klefsjo (2003), à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"satisfied customer are loyal customers and loyal customers are profitable customers and profitable customers make lucrative businesses and happy ownersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (cited in Bergquist et al. 2005, p. 312). However, customers are usually irrational. In order to develop their potential quality, companies need to develop the strategies on customer focus. Generally, customer focus means as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"the activities of the companies are intended to benefit the customer but the customer is seen from the companiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ own perspectiveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (Lagrosen 2001, p.350). Organizations should make an effort to gain information regarding the needs and wants of the customer rather than always focus on the companiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ view of product and its features. 6.2.3 Process Focus The goal of process management is to zeroing down the defective and failures rate as well as reduce process variation by building quality into the production process which can reduced cost. According to Ou et al. (n.d.), inferior quality manufacturing process will increase high scrap rate and rework rate which will lead to use more resource to produce qualified products. Therefore, firms should concern on process management to avoid the occurrences of unnecessary costs such as waste costs by finding quality problems immediately. TQM implementation can directly increasing firmsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ quality performance by improving manufacturing process, has indirect effects on increasing customer satisfaction as well as the reputation of firms. By reducing unnecessary waste cost such as waste of production, avoidable process and waste of defects, firms can put into practice of lean production. According to Womack and Jones (1996), à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"lean production has its origin in philosophy of achieving improvements in most economical ways with special focus on reducing waste (cited in Dahlgaard and Dahlgaard-Park 2006, p. 264). For instance, firm can designing the production process and giving orders and instructions to the workers. The improvement of manufacturing efficiency will improve customersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ satisfaction and eventually the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s financial performance. 6.3 Adoption of e-Procurement in Total Quality Management to achieve Competitive Advantage There is no clearly evidence shows that the adoption of e-procurement in total quality management can achieve further competitive advantage, however it can be shows that the ways of both e-procurement and TQM are almost using same strategies to achieve competitive advantage. 6.3.1 Business-to-business (B2B) E-procurement E-procurement is defined as the use of information technologies to facilitate business-to-business (B2B) purchase transactions for materials and services (Wu et al. 2007, cited in Walker and Harland 2008). With the development of B2B e-procurement, the traditional method of business are replaced by the electronically transactions. Besides that, BCB e-procurement can help TQM in achieving competitive advantage. 6.3.1.1 Cost Minimization Application of e-procurement practices into total quality management is beneficial as it can improve facilitation of efficient and cost-effective trading routes to conduct business. According to Harrigan et al. (2008), e-procurement can reduce purchasing costs by amending the way raw materials are purchasing from traditional methods to online ordering. With the implementation of e-procurement, transactions can be proceed via e-mail, electronic data interchange, fax which can directly eliminate paper usage such as invoice, receipts as well as paper catalogs. However, Turban et al. (2006) argues that systematic procurement transactions tend to waste time on non-value-adding activities such as handling errors in ordering and invoicing, data entry which often time consuming and costly to trace (cited in Aboelmaged 2009). 6.3.1.2 Efficiency Maximization Apart from the cost reductions arising from transactional, e-procurement can also contribute to efficient purchasing process in many ways. As earlier mention, TQM have been emphasized that its main focus is improving productà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s quality, therefore it may be less paying attention on giving maximize efficiency. Consequently, by implementation e-procurement in TQM can achieve maximum efficiency. It is obvious that e-procurement greatly helps improve communication with suppliers providing access to the information 24 hours a day. Therefore, the system availability can makes it easier for businesses to receive order from the supplier and summit an order. By providing greater access, firms can reduce the purchasing cycle time and improved performance between buyers and suppliers. According to Choudhury et al. (1998), repetition in the procurement system will increase the efficiency and result in a higher level of electronic integration between buyers and suppliers (cited in Walker and Harland 2008). 6.3.1.3 Methods of B2B e-procurement Previously, most of the organizations are using traditional modes of communication such as phone, fax, memo and face-to-face. However, through evolution of the technologies, organizations can improve the speed in business transactions through the utilization of the B2B e-procurement methods: 1. Reverse Auctions. A reverse e-auction is a form of the electronic data communication which provides a forum wherein several suppliers compete online for contracts offered by a customer (Tassabehji et al. 2006). Due to no human intervention along with computerized accessible format, it can help both parties gain form less paperwork, shorted cycle times for circulation requesters for quotations, faster responses to potential bidders and reduced transaction costs (Plouffe et al. 2001). 2. Lean procurement. Lean procurement generally imply on small quantity of products purchased frequently from few suppliers, who deliver the items in exact quantities at the specific time and place (Wilson and Roy 2009). It also further noted that lean procurement unlike the traditional purchasing system such as TQM where the price considerations, suppliers are evaluated through the reliability, behaviors, performance as well as price. Based on the traditional purchasing system, the relationship between buyers and suppliers are based on the long-term trust and commitment. 3. Internet. Through internet, companies have ability to speed up the business transactions through a faster way as it allows companies to pay invoices and payment electronically. Besides that, the use of internet through videoconferencing provides a visual contract which allows companies communicate with the suppliers (Samaniego 2006). 7.0 Theoretical Framework Competitive Advantage E-Procurement Total Quality Management 8.0 Research Methods 8.1 Explanatory My research is about the ways of e-procurement and total quality management in achieving competitive advantage of organizations. In the literature review, I am explaining the relationship between e-procurement and competitive advantage as well as total quality management and competitive advantage; therefore my research is an explanatory study. According to Saunders et al. (2009), explanatory study is known as causal study which is emphasizes on explaining the relationships between variables. 8.2 Research Philosophy The research philosophy that I adopt in the literature review is epistemology. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Epistemology concerns what constitutes acceptable knowledge in a field of studyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (Saunders et al, 2009, p. 112). This research will be mostly exploring the strategies of how e-procurement and TQM to achieve competitive advantage. Besides that, although many successful cases that shows that e-procurement and TQM can provide competitive advantage to an organization. However, I may not be able to know that e-procurement and TQM can achieve competitive advantage. Therefore, I a going to do this research to find out how e-procurement and TQM can help an organization achieve competitive advantage. Furthermore, the fact that it is an explanatory study also makes this research epistemology. Both the cause and the effect are known under an explanatory effect. In this research, I will acts as a positivist. A positivist will prefer à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"working with an observable social reality and that the end products of such research can be law-like generalizations similar to those produced by the physical and natural scientistsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (Remenyi et al., 1998, p. 32, as cited in Saunders et al., 2009, p. 113). Therefore, I will only based on the quantifiable observations which I can see, hear and touch to develop hypotheses. 8.3 Approach Deductive approach is an approach of working from more general idea to a more specific idea and also known as waterfall approach and therefore, conclusion follows logically from the premises (Gill Johnson, 2010). My research will utilize deductive approach since the theory and hypothesis have been created at the starting of the research. Besides that, the research itself is an observation to further confirm the relationship between e-procurement, TQM and competitive advantage as well as allows me to test and confirm my hypothesis. 8.4 Method The research measurements used in this study will be mixture of qualitative and quantitative factors. A quantitative research aims at determining the relationship between one thing and another (Denzin Lincon, 2005). A qualitative research is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"used to address research questions that require explanation or understanding of social phenomena and their contextsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (Ritchie and Lewis, 2003). In this research, I will more focus on quantitative research instead of qualitative research. By using quantitative research, I can find out the following data: 1. The percentage of organizations which are successfully achieving competitive advantage after adoption of either e-procurement, TQM, or both. 2. The percentage of organizations which adopt neither e-procurement nor TQM, but have achieved competitive advantage. Besides that, I plan to apply structured questionnaire and interview which form by structured questions and answers. Structured interviews use questionnaires based on standardized set of questions which can be result more accurate and credible data. Although quantitative research is the main focus in this research, qualitative research is still under consideration towards these issues. Under qualitative methods, I will be using semi-structured and in-depth questionnaire and interview. A semi-structured questionnaire or interview is where the questions are structured but the answers are left unstructured. However, in-depth questionnaire or interview is where both the questions and answers are unstructured. Therefore, my research choice is Mixed Methods whereby both quantitative and qualitative methods are being considered. 8.5 Strategies The strategies that can be implemented in conducting this research are survey. Survey is a research strategy that involves the structured collection of data from a sizeable population (Saunders et al., 2009). The reason for choosing survey as my strategy is survey allows me to collect the quantitative data which I can analyze quantitatively using statistics. By using survey, I can easily calculate the percentage of increase in profits after implementing e-procurement and TQM. Through the survey, questionnaire will be given. Structured questionnaires bring convenience for me when carrying out the percentage calculation. Another strategy that can be implemented is archival research which makes use of administrative records and documents as the principal source of data (Saunders et al., 2009). In this research, archival research can used to identify the companies in the past that have been successful in achieving e-procurement and TQM and changing effects that has led to their success. 8.6 Sampling Sampling techniques are used to define the target population by keeping with the objectives of the study. Hence, sampling methods are techniques for collecting sub-volumes from larger volume of target population (Groves et al., 2010). Sample selection will be done on a random basis to avoid selection bias. In this research, the sampling method that will be use is stratified random sampling. Stratified random sampling is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"a modification of random sampling in which you divide the population into two or more relevant strata based on one or a number of attributesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (Saunders et al., 2009, p. 228). I will divide all companies in Malaysia into 4 groups which are companies that implement e-procurement, companies that implement TQM, companies that implement both e-procurement and TQM as well as companies that do not implement both e-procurement and TQM. In this case, companies will be selected using random sampling. Besides that, 50 questionnaires will be distri buted randomly to every company. 8.7 Time Horizon In terms of time horizon, my research will be considered as cross-sectional study. Cross-sectional study refers to data gathered only once over a period of time. Since this research must complete within 1 month, I am not be able to analyze the development of e-procurement in future. Therefore, my research will more focus on the e-procurement of e-procurement nowadays and explain the relationship between every variable. Besides that, this research typically deals with historical data, hence the necessity to get results frequently is comparatively low as the industry conditions will not change rapidly. 8.8 Possible Result For the hypothesis of this research to be true, it must be supported by the fact that adoption of e-procurement in TQM can provide further competitive advantage. Besides that, the results of the survey as well as archival research should show that the companies that implement neither e-procurement nor TQM can achieve competitive advantage. However, if the result of this research shows that the adoption of e-procurement in TQM does not achieve competitive advantage then the hypothesis of the research will be proven false. 9.0 Conclusion Based on reading of literature, I can suggest that hypothesis of this research paper is accepted. It clearly shows that e-procurement and TQM on business can achieve and sustaining competitive advantage in business world nowadays. The development of e-procurement does give a huge impact on business management will continuing technological revolution provides a number of challenges for firms today. An efficient e-procurement should implement competitive strategies to achieve competitive advantage as well as enhance market position in market. Besides that, a further competitive advantage can be gained by implementing e-procurement in TQM. Hence, it can be concluded that adoption of both e-procurement and TQM can bring organization to achieve further competitive advantage. However, in practice, TQM benefits are not easy to achieve. Many organizations and companies have difficulties in implementing TQM due to lack of consistent senior management commitment, superficial knowledge of imple menters of TQM as well as lack of strategic plan for change. In other words, TQM can have a dramatic impact on an organization. (4258 words) 10.0 References Aberdeen Group. (2001). 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The Two Willy Lomans in Arthur Millers Death of a...

The Two Willy Lomans in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman There are two Willy Lomans in The Death of a Salesman. There is the present broken, exhausted man in his sixties, soon to end his life. And there is the more confident, vigorous Willy of some fifteen years before, who appears in the flashbacks. One actor portrays both, readily shifting from one representation to the other. To some extent, of course, the personality remains constant. The younger Willy, although given to boastful blustering, does admit misgivings to Linda and loneliness to Biff. And the shattered older man, in turn, occasionally reverts to his former manner of jaunty optimism. Yet the changes are great and significant. The earlier Willy could never have been†¦show more content†¦At this point, however, relations are strained. Although Willy shies away from remembering so painful an episode, he knows in his heart that the Boston affair left the boy bitterly disillusioned. Feeling some sense of guilt, Willy fears that all of Biffs later difficulties may have bee n really attempts to get revenge. Biff has failed, in other words, mainly to spiteWilly. Although outwardly resenting such alleged vindictiveness. Willy still wants to get back the old comradeship, even if he has to buy it dearly. Why cant I give him something, he asks the spectral Ben, and not have him hate me? And his great final moment of joy and triumph occurs when he can exclaim,Isnt that remarkable? Biff - he likes me! On the other hand, Willy also is emotionally involved with Biff because his sons success or failure is also his. By becoming rich and influential, the handsome, personable Biff was slated to provide Willys victorious reply to all not sufficiently impressed with his own modest advancement. By making his fortune in the business world, Biff would prove that Willy had been right in turning down Bens adventurous challenge to head for Alaska. He would also outshine the sensible, plodding Charley and Bernard, thus establishing once and for all Willys theory that having personality and being well liked were the great requisites for preeminence. Losing his own job, Willy is naturally unhappy. But if heShow MoreRelatedArthur Miller s Death Of A Salesman Essay1567 Words   |  7 Pagesand often it is predetermined by fate, while the audience experiences catharsis (Irving 247). Arthur Miller’s play Death of a Salesman is considered to be a tragedy because this literary work has some of t he main characteristics of the tragedy genre. In this play, the main character Willy Loman possesses such traits and behaviors that lead to his downfall, and the audience experiences catharsis. Willy Loman as a real tragic hero comes to the decision to commit suicide because of serious financial problemsRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller1573 Words   |  7 Pagesauthority and often it is predetermined by fate, while the audience experiences catharsis (Bloom 2). Arthur Miller’s play Death of a Salesman is considered to be a tragedy because this literary work has some of the main characteristics of the tragedy genre. In this play, the main character Willy Loman possesses such traits and behaviors that lead to his downfall, and the audience experiences catharsis. 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Essay about The Geography Of New Zealand - 1161 Words

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Cleanig Your Throne Essay Research Paper CLEANING free essay sample

Cleanig Your Throne Essay, Research Paper Clean YOUR THRONE This past summer I worked as a keeper in a fabrication works. Part of my occupation was cleaning bathrooms. I estimate throughout the summer I cleaned up to five hundred bathrooms. I consider myself an expert on the topic. Using my procedure for cleansing bathrooms, an immaculate bathroom is accomplishable. The initial measure in the procedure is to garner all the necessary cleansing supplies: swab and pail, glass cleansing agent, floor soap, lavatory bowl cleansing agent, lavatory coppice, paper towel, a sponge, bathroom cleaning solution with bleach, lavatory paper, trash bag, broom and dust pan, and baseball mitts are recommended. Make certain to read all of the labels on the cleaners for warnings, to avoid possible jeopardies. Following, everything must be removed from the room that is on the floor. We will write a custom essay sample on Cleanig Your Throne Essay Research Paper CLEANING or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This included carpets, rubbish tins, and any refuse laying on the floor. After taking everything out of the room, brush the floor. Now it is clip for the soiled work. This is where I suggest have oning baseball mitts. Take the lavatory bowl cleansing agent and use it to the interior of the bowl, underneath the rim. Now utilizing the coppice, scrub the interior of the bowl doing certain to take all discolorations. After all discolorations are removed, flush the lavatory to uncover a clean bowl. After cleaning the interior of the lavatory, it is clip to clean the exterior. Using the bathroom cleansing agent with bleach, spray the full exterior of the lavatory. The bleach in the cleansing agent kills the bacterium on the lavatory, but it besides can do serious harm to vesture. Be Very Careful WHEN USING BLEACH. Wipe the lavatory with a moist sponge. Be certain to clean the full lavatory including the base, the place, and the bath behind the bowl. When the sponge gets soiled, rinse it off in the sink. Continue cleaning the lavatory until it is scintillating clean. Now that the lavatory is wholly clean, travel over to the sink. Use the same cleansing agent that was used to clean the lavatory, nevertheless use a new sponge . Spray the full sink, including the spigot, and the exterior of the sink. Wipe the sink down with the new sponge and rinse the sink with clean H2O. Do non worry about acquiring the floor moisture. After the sink has been wiped and rinsed, dry it with paper towels. Normally a mirror is placed above the sink. By this clip the mirror will be splashed with H2O and cleansing agent and will besides necessitate to be cleaned. To make this, cover the mirror with a thin movie of glass cleansing agent. Wipe the mirror with paper towels in a waving gesture until all runs and smudges are removed. Now everything in the bathroom is clean except the floor. To clean the floor, fill a pail with warm H2O and floor soap. If no floor soap is available, any soap with a capful of bleach will be suited. Fill the pail three quarters of the manner up. Now take the swab and soak it in the H2O. With the concentrated swab, wipe up the floor from the rear of the room, to the terminal where the door is located. The floor should hold a thin bed of H2O on it. Now take the swab and contorting it out so that it is dry. With the prohibitionist swab, travel back over the floor in the mode that was performed when the swab was wet. If the swab begins to acquire wet once more, contorting it out and go on wipe uping. When the floor is finished, leave the room for 10 proceedingss to let it to dry. While the floor is drying, empty the refuse and replace the bag with a new one. If any carpets were taken out of the room, strike hard them against a wall to take any soil concealed inside the carpet. Make certain to brush the muss that was created by crushing the carpet on the wall. By this clip, the floor should be dry and the occupation will be ready to finish. Topographic point the carpet on the floor where they belong. Put the refuse can endorse from where it was taken. If the lavatory paper is low, replace the axial rotation with a new one and put the staying axial rotation on the top of the lavatory. The occupation is now complete. Leave the room and retrieve to set the place down and turn off the visible radiations.